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PRESENT PERFECT

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DEFINITION OF THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE


The present perfect is used to indicate a link between the present and the past. The time of the action is before now but not specified, and we are often more interested in the result than in the action itself.
THE PRESENT PERFECT IS USED TO 
DESCRIBE
  • An action or situation that started in the past and continues in the present. I have lived in Bristol since 1984 (= and I still do.)
  • An action performed during a period that has not yet finished. She has been to the cinema twice this week (= and the week isn't over yet.)
  • A repeated action in an unspecified period between the past and now. We have visited Portugal several times.
  • An action that was completed in the very recent past, expressed by 'just'. I have just finished my work.
  • An action when the time is not important. He has read 'War and Peace'. (= the result of his reading is important)
Note: When we want to give or ask details about when, where, who, we use the simple past. Read more about choosing between the present perfect and the simple past tenses.

FORMING THE PRESENT PERFECT

The present perfect of any verb is composed of two elements: the appropriate form of the auxiliary verb to have (present tense), plus the past participle of the main verb. The past participle of a regular verb is base+ed, e.g. played, arrived, looked. For irregular verbs, see the Table of irregular verbs in the section called 'Verbs'.
Affirmative

Subject
to have
past participle
Shehasvisited.
Negative

Subject
to have + not
past participle
Shehas not (hasn't)visited.
Interrogative

to have
subject
past participle
Hasshevisited?
Negative interrogative

to have + not
subject
past participle
Hasn'tshevisited?
Resultado de imagen para present perfect
Resultado de imagen para present perfect

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