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PAST TENSE

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VERBS (IRREGULAR AND REGULAR)

VERBS
A verb is a word used in sentences that serves to express existence, status, action or passion of the subject. An English verb can be regular or irregular. Regular verbs form their past and past participle forms by adding –ed.

REGULAR VERBS
Many English verbs are regular, which means that they form their different tenses according to an established pattern.

Past tense formation

Forming the past simple tense of regular verbs is mostly straightforward, and you use the same form for the first, second, and third persons, singular and plural: 

  • If the basic form of the verb ends in a consonant or a vowel other than e, add the letters -ed to the end (e.g. seem/seemed, laugh/laughed, look/looked).
  • For verbs that end in -e, add -d (e.g. love/loved, recede/receded, hope/hoped).
  • If the verb ends in a consonant plus -y, change the y to an i before adding -ed (e.g. hurry/hurried, clarify/clarified). But if the verb ends in a vowel plus -y, just add -ed (e.g. play/played, enjoy/enjoyed).

IRREGULAR VERBS

There are many irregular verbs that don’t follow the normal rules. Here are the forms of some of the most common irregular verbs:

To Be - Past Tense

It's similar to the present simple because it has different rules for the verb 'be', which becomes 'was' or 'were':
The Past Simple with 'be'
Here's how to make the positive:
Positive with 'be'
I was cold
You were tired
He was in the garden
She was late
It was sunny
We were on holiday
They were hungry
To make the negative with 'be', just add 'not':
Negative with 'be'Negative Short Form
I was not sleepyI wasn't sleepy
You were not on the busYou weren't on the bus
He was not at schoolHe wasn't at school
She was not beautifulShe wasn't beautiful
It was not coldIt wasn't cold
We were not at workWe weren't at work
They were not tiredThey weren't tired
To make a question, just like the present simple, we change the position of 'was / were' and the subject.
Here are the past simple 'yes / no' questions with 'be':
'Yes / No' Questions with 'Be'
Was I sleepy?
Were you late?
Was he at the cinema?
Was she kind?
Was it hot?
Were we hungry?
Were they at work?
And the 'wh' questions with 'be' (the question word just goes at the beginning, everything else is the same):
'Wh' Questions with 'Be'
Why was I sleepy?
Where were you?
When was he at the cinema?
How was she?
How was it?
Why were we hungry?
When were they at work?


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